State-of-the-Art Review on Traffic Control Strategies for Emergency Vehicles

Emergency vehicles (EVs) play an essential role in emergency services. One of the most intuitive indicators of the emergency service process is the response time of EVs. This survey reviews the latest traffic control strategies to reduce response time during EV’s traveling. Firstly, it classifies traffic control strategies into route optimization, signal preemption, lane reservation, and mixed traffic control strategies. Then, a systematic literature review of traffic control strategies with different algorithms is presented. Besides, this survey classifies the articles by objective metrics. In addition to response time, several other objective metrics are summarized. Finally, this survey reviews the limitations of existing emergency traffic control strategies and critically analyzes them. Based on this, it indicates the core problems and proposes potential research areas to be explored.