Nanostructured Strontium Titanate Perovskite Hyperbolic Metamaterial Supported Tunable Broadband THz Brewster Modulator

The investigation was made of nanostructured intensity and phase modulators, the designs of which are based on Brewster angle manipulation. The configuration consists of thin indium tin oxide, strontium titanate and quartz layers embedded on silicon substrate. The structure exhibits the elliptical and hyperbolic metamaterial kinds, which can be manipulated by varying the ambient temperature. The design yields broadband intensity and phase modulator with 99.8% modulation depth and perfect phase shift (i.e., 180°), respectively, at room temperature. This would find potentials in active polarization switches, modulators and tunable phase shifters operating in the THz regime.