Modeling and Comparative Analysis of Power Distribution Architectures for Large-scale Electric Vehicle In-motion Wireless Charging Infrastructures

Roadway electrification with in-motion charging of Electric Vehicles (EVs) represents a promising solution to support the widespread adoption of EVs with reduced battery size and cost. However, numerous design challenges are involved in the development of the associated infrastructure, particularly for large-scale roadways with in-motion wireless charging. This paper introduces a dc current distribution architecture and provides a comparative analysis of dc current and voltage distribution architectures for large-scale DWPT systems. Mathematical loss models are provided and applied to evaluate power distribution system efficiency as a function of traffic volumes and corresponding EV loads on the roadway. A design for a 1 MW system supporting up to 20 secondary pads with 50 kW power rating has been used as a case study. The analysis shows that the efficiency of dc current distribution systems increases as adoption progresses with increased charging load on road segments.