Performance Investigation on Cross Layered Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN)

The Cognitive Radio Network (CRN) has been developed to fulfill the high needs of future wireless communication systems (5G). Rapid use of wireless communication services has made a huge demand for spectrum and bandwidth allocation. Proper spectrum sharing and efficient usage of spectrum are the two ways to meet the necessary demand. This Cognitive Radio Technology makes use of these two ways to improvise the bandwidth utilization and achieve better quality of services. To maximize the spectrum utilization, the Cognitive Radio is adapted with various other combining techniques. By properly designed with Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA), multihop cognitive radio is the best approach to provide better bandwidth. This DSA addresses major challenges like spectrum awareness, quality route establishment, route maintenance and node mobility. Gravitational Search Genetic Algorithm (GSGA) protocol has been developed for the betterment of speed of convergence without compromising the accuracy of the predictor model. Conventional approaches, although improved channel usage, lead to a rise in overhead as the number of nodes grows. To overcome these drawbacks, the proposed GSGA protocol has been designed that efficiently utilizes the channel and predicts the availability of the channel. When it comes to throughput and stability, simulations show that the proposed cross-layered routing protocol is superior.