Beam loss and collimation in the Fermilab 16 GeV proton driver

A high beam power of 1.15 MW in the proposed 16-GeV Proton Driver implies serious constraints on beam losses in the machine. The main concerns are the hands-on maintenance and ground-water activation. Only with a very efficient beam collimation system can one reduce uncontrolled beam losses to an allowable level. The results on tolerable beam loss and on a proposed beam collimation system are summarized in this paper. A multi-turn particle tracking in the accelerator defined by all lattice components with their realistic strengths and aperture restrictions, and halo interactions with the collimators is done with the STRUCT code. Full-scale Monte Carlo hadronic and electromagnetic shower simulations in the lattice elements, shielding, tunnel and surrounding dirt with realistic geometry, materials and magnetic field are done with the MARS 14 code. It is shown that the proposed 3-stage collimation system, allows localization of more than 99% of beam loss in a special straight section. Beam loss in the rest of the accelerator is 0.2 W/m on average.