Analysis of the Effect of Loss and Dispersion on Light Pulse in Fiber Optic Networks

Losses and dispersions, which constitute the most important transmission characteristics of the fiber, are undesirable and should be avoided in communication. In the study, the analysis of environmental and material-related losses in fiber transmission lines was made. As a result of the analysis, the causes of the losses were emphasized, the graphs of the losses in the fiber depending on the wavelength were obtained, and a study was carried out to calculate the loss amounts approximately. In the second stage of the study, dispersion and its types, which are the most important determining factors that determine the transmission speed and distance of the fiber, are briefly explained, and a simulation in single-mode fiber is prepared in order to better display the dispersion by using a computer program. In the simulation, the effect of loss and dispersion on 4 light pulses was investigated. As a result of the studies, it has been determined how the bit error rate (BER) occurs in fiber optic communication. Finally, the applications that will minimize the dispersion and loss in the fiber are emphasized.