CMOS voltage conveyors

The paper describes a concept of voltage conveyor. The voltage conveyor is obtained by interchange of input and output stages in a current conveyor. The input stage of a voltage conveyor is a current amplifier with low input impedance, the output stage is a voltage follower that has low output impedance as well. Two CMOS realizations of this circuit are proposed, and gains and input and output impedance, and their frequency characteristics are calculated. The results of calculations are verified using simulations of the circuit designed for 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology.