Finite Element Modeling for Nanoparticles-Induced Hyperthermia Treatment of Hepatic Carcinoma

The liver is a vital organ responsible for various functions supporting metabolism, immunity, digestion, detoxification, and vitamin storage in the human body. With hepatic cancer accounting for 20.7% of all cancers in Egypt in 2021, we studied the effect of nanoparticles (NPs)-induced hyperthermia (HT) treatment. We present a numerical analysis of specific absorption rate (SAR) and temperature distributions in a 3D liver model. Segmented MRI images from a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patient were constructed, simulated, and illuminated by a rectangular inset-fed microstrip patch antenna (IFMSPA) array. The model simulated the absence and presence of different NPs at 2.435 GHz. NPs produced adequate energy deposition and temperature increase to therapeutic levels (higher than 42 °C) in HCC without damaging surrounding healthy tissue. These findings might lead to developing clinical therapeutic prototype devices that can be used for HT treatment of HCC and other cancers in humans.