Comparative analysis of energy yield of photovoltaic module mounting systems without solar tracker with tilt update for urban applications

This paper presents a comparative analysis of energy yield of different mounting systems of PV modules without solar tracker with tilt update for urban applications. Three tilt update frequencies have been considered: daily, monthly, and yearly, in ten cities around the world, in the Northern Hemisphere, with a Mathematica^© code. The optimum tilts angles for each day, month and year have been calculated. The energy gain with respect to the annual optimum tilt angle have been calculated. Daily tilt updates is the most energy productive, but it more expensive to implement. Updating the tilt angle daily is slightly better than doing so monthly. The use of a manual system for monthly tilt updates is beneficial, due to the reduced number of PV module position changes and the energy gain.