The influence of electric vehicle position on technical operation of a distribution grid

The emerging role of electric vehicles raises the issue of managing the integration of charging stations with the aim of ensuring safe and reliable network operation. Several factors could affect grid operation, among these traffic condition, station operator and electric vehicle user behavior. Vehicle usage pattern involves the location of connected vehicles to the charging stations within the grid. In this paper, the influence of electric vehicle plug-in position into a distribution network on voltage and power losses during optimal grid operation is investigated, by means of mixed-integer linear programming procedure, and suitable technical indicators are adopted to provide a synthetic evaluation of the effects of vehicle position. The proposed procedure is applied to a 33-node test grid integrating bidirectional EV charging stations on tertiary and industrial buses.