Blockchain-Empowered Security and Energy Efficiency of Drone Swarm Consensus for Environment Exploration

The Internet of Drones (IoD) allows drones to collaborate safely while operating in a restricted airspace for numerous applications in Industry 4.0 world. Energy efficiency and sharing sensing data are the main challenges in swarm-drone collaboration for performing complex tasks effectively and efficiently in real-time. Information security of consensus achievement is required for multi-drone collaboration in the presence of Byzantine drones. Byzantine drones may be enough to cause present swarm coordination techniques to collapse, resulting in unpredictable or calamitous results. One or more Byzantine drones may lead to failure in consensus while exploring the environment. Moreover, Blockchain technology is in the early stage for swarm drone collaboration. Therefore, we introduce a novel blockchain-based approach to managing multi-drone collaboration during a swarm operation. Within drone swarms, blockchain technology is utilized as a communication tool to broadcast instructions to the swarm. This paper aims to improve the security of the consensus achievement process of multi-drone collaboration, energy efficiency, and connectivity during the environment’s exploration while maintaining consensus achievement effectiveness. Improving the security of consensus achievement among drones will increase the possibility and stability of multi-drone applications by improving connectivity and energy efficiency in the smart world and solving real environmental issues.