Emerging Data Aggregation State-of-Art Techniques with Comparative Analysis in UWSN

Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) carry out collaborative monitoring and data gathering activities utilizing components like sensors and vehicles placed in a defined acoustic area. These sensor nodes communicate within that area of network and transmit signal to ground-based stations for data collection. UWSN's data gathering has proven useful in a range of underwater surveillance, data analysis, and exploration applications. Working on these applications, the following issues arise: restricted bandwidth, increased propagation latency, network design, data transmission command, routing, bandwidth utilization, and power limits. Several UWSN routing techniques are developed to improve and maximize data collection efficiency. In this work, a periodic overview of data aggregation is presented in order to grab the attention of academic scholars. A comparative analysis of several approaches is also depicted with their advantages and disadvantages. The challenges identified through the review of existing approaches is mentioned for further research.