ESPAR Antenna with Double Ring Placement of Parasitic Elements

In this paper, we like to propose an Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna for Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) communication system to overcome the interference. The desired beam steering could be achieved without the use of phase shifters using ESPAR antenna. In this antenna, the beam driving element is surrounded by closely spaced double ring parasitic elements. So, we have proposed the architecture of double ring ESPAR antenna for minimum interference, and for optimum SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio) value over long distance communication between the RFID tag and reader. The suggested ESPAR antenna shows very good performance based on gain, radiation pattern, and reflection coefficient. The maximum value of gain of the proposed ESPAR antenna is obtained as 7.63 dBi which will successfully handle the interference at the respective directions to be communicated over long distance as compared to the previously published once designed antennas at the ISM band of 2.40 GHz frequency. This proposed design could be applied in numerous personal communications such as ECG (electrocardiogram) monitoring system, weather tracking, and in many others Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications.