Review on Optimization of Forecasting and Coordination Strategies for Electric Vehicle Charging

The rapid development of electric vehicles (EVs) has benefited from the fact that more and more countries or regions have begun to attach importance to clean energy and environmental protection. This paper focuses on the optimization of EV charging, which cannot be ignored in the rapid development of EVs. The increase in the penetration of EVs will generate new electrical loads during the charging process, which will bring new challenges to local power systems. Moreover, the uncoordinated charging of EVs may increase the peak-to-valley difference in the load, aggravate harmonic distortions, and affect auxiliary services. To stabilize the operations of power grids, many studies have been carried out to optimize EV charging. This paper reviews these studies from two aspects: EV charging forecasting and coordinated EV charging strategies. Comparative analyses are carried out to identify the advantages and disadvantages of different methods or models. At the end of this paper, recommendations are given to address the challenges of EV charging and associated charging strategies.