A New Hybrid Method to Assess Available Transfer Capability in AC–DC Networks Using the Wind Power Plant Interconnection

This article presents a very effective and exact technique for evaluating dynamic available transfer capability (ATC) using a fast differential equation power flow (DEPF) and Newton–Raphson–Seydel, taking into account the initial contingency (n-1) scenarios and the normal system condition. We indicated that instead of simply inverting the Jacobian matrix, the inverse computation time of the DEPF may be substantially decreased by inverting the submatrices. A hybrid technique was developed for Dynamic ATC calculation using a mixture of the static and dynamic methods. Installing the high voltage direct current (HVdc) line is taken into account in the ATC calculations because HVdc is the backbone of the future transmission network. The challenge of integrating wind power plants and big loads into the future network is also explored in this article. In an attempt to rectify earlier techniques, an estimate of the potential energy boundary surface was also used in conjunction to assess transient stability. This technique was effectively applied on IEEE 39 bus, IEEE 118 bus, Iowa State 145-bus, IEEE 300-bus, the east of Iran (1153 buses), and Khorasan network (4438 buses) systems for different bilateral/ multilateral transactions.