Cross-layer approach to enhance the Energy efficiency, QoS performance and minimize the data dropped during mobility in Zigbee based Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are revolutionizing the Internet of Things (IoT), including many sensor nodes connected. Energy efficiency, Battery life, data dropped, QoS, memory, mobility, and computational capacity are significant challenges in Wireless Sensor Networks. Because data is frequently lost due to mobility, it will impact the completeness and quality of information (QoI). It will increase the delay, media access delay, load that hinders the network performance. The main objective is to minimize the data dropped and enhance the energy efficiency, QoS performance by considering IEEE 802.15.4, Zigbee protocol. This paper proposes a cross-layer (CL) approach based on MAC and Physical layers with design considerations by optimizing the parameters. OPNET 14.5 Modeler used to carry out the work for this research. According to the simulation results, the proposed cross-layer approach is more efficient than the traditional approach regarding the Throughput, Delay, Media Access Delay, Load, Data dropped.