Modern Mathematical Modelling Approaches for Optimized Estimation of Surface, Double Bounce and Volumetric Scattering Using Polarimetric Orientation Angle and Inclination Angle

This study aims at estimating surface, double bounce, and volumetric scattering by approximation of the Polarimetric Orientation Angle (POA) and the inclination angle. This research attempts to analyze the stochastic distance formulae for compensating the POA angle. Better normalization of double bounce scattering underestimation and volumetric scattering overestimation of the unrotated coherency matrix is achieved using this technique. Comparing the results obtained from: (i) Hellinger distance and (ii) Renyi Divergence of order β, we then estimate surface scattering by modifying the extended Bragg’s surface scattering model. A summarized overview of the time complexity of each distance is provided and studied in detail.