An Analysis of Energy Efficient Clustering based Techniques in WSN

Wireless Sensor Networks are altering the globe with their sensing technologies. WSN have evolved as a strong technology with a broad range of applications, including defense or military operations, surveillance and Intelligent Transportation Systems. Thousands of resource-constrained sensors are used in Wireless Sensor Networks to keep an eye on their surroundings, gather data, and communicate it to remote workstations for analysis. The key source of concern in terms of energy conservation has been the draining of the batteries that power the sensor nodes. A sensor network has numerous issues such as load balancing, energy efficiency, packet loss, and connection failure. Much of the research is focused on making the sensor network operate with the least amount of energy possible so that it can last longer. Clustering techniques has proven to be the efficient solution for the energy preservation of network and LEACH is the most basic protocol of the WSN clustering. Though, LEACH has several drawbacks, therefore, the optimization techniques are required to overcome these drawbacks and enhance the network lifetime. This research work discusses the concept of clustering and LEACH along with their merits and demerits. The research work also explores several existing clustering-based optimization techniques along with their research findings that are utilized in WSN.