Low level Syntax Elements Study in Intra HEVC/H.265 Video Codec

Ultra High Definition Television (UHDTV) imposes extremely high throughput requirement on video encoders based on High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265/HEVC). HEVC adopt many advanced developed techniques in order to compress and decompress the video sequence for ensuring the real time requirements with keeping the quality. The decoded video is obtained according to the syntax elements language specified by the HEVC standard. Consequently, HEVC adopt 74 syntax elements at the low level which are divided into four partitions: including quad tree partitioning, intra and inter prediction, transform level, quantization and loop filtering. This work propose a profound study of HEVC low level syntax elements. The four partitions of syntax elements are defined, detailed and specified (role). After that, the encoding process and order of each syntax element is given by diagram blocks followed by an examples of encoding process syntax elements for 4x4 and 8x8 transform blocks (references blocks) by using Matlab software.Finally, performance comparison of different benchmarks is given in order to highlights the decoding efficiency of HEVC compared it predecessor AVC (Advenced Video Coding). This work give the only detailed study that demonstrate the main functionality of the all intra syntax elements encoding process in CABAC HEVC.