On the Impact of Hardware Impairments on mm-Wave MIMO Underground Channel Estimation

Transceiver hardware imperfections impose enormous challenges on the future network deployment, owing to the degraded performance of channel estimation. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the residual transceiver hardware impairments on the millimiter-Wave (mm-Wave) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) underground channel estimation, in which the hybrid beamforming architecture is employed at the transceiver. To accuratley estimate the MIMO underground channel, the compressive sensing (CS) theory based multi-resolution hierarchical codebook design is used for the training beamforming. The proposed system operates under the real MIMO underground channel measurements carried out in a mine in Northern Canada. The results show that how hardware impairments greatly degrade the performance of the MIMO underground system.