An Extensive Study of Clustering Approach for Effective Cluster Head Selection in Wireless Sensor Network

Nodes in WSNs have a finite amount of power and can't be refilled. To overcome this problematic, clustering techniques are employed to reduce energy consumption, gather data, and extend the network's useful life span. Choosing the cluster head (CH), which has an important impact on energy efficiency, remains a significant difficulty, despite the advantages of adopting clustering methods. The nodes are organized into numerous clusters, and the head nodes of each cluster are marked CH. A CH collects data from WSN nodes and then sends it to a Base Station, which then transmits it to a Base Station when it has been aggregated. Scalability, energy efficiency, and reduced routing delay are all benefits of WSN node clustering. This study examines a number of clustering algorithms to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each.. There is a thorough examination of the various clustering strategies in WSNs in terms of energy efficiency and power management. Finally, a number of clustering-related concerns are discussed.