Visible Light and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for Beyond 5G V2X Communication Networks at Road Intersections

Traffic safety at road intersections can be enhanced by improving opportunistic exchange of safety messages between vehicles. In urban intersection scenario, obstacles such as buildings and road side installations/signboards block the line-of-sight communication between vehicles. In order to enhance the reliability of communication link, the existing vehicular solution utilizes relay placement at road intersection. However, as the vehicular density increases, the existing vehicular-radio frequency (V-RF) communication with relaying tends to suffer from higher interference, lower packet reception rate, and longer communication delays due to channel congestion. In contrast to the existing solutions, we propose to use practical deployment strategies namely hybrid vehicular-visible light communication (V-VLC)/V-RF with relaying and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided V-RF solutions to improve the communication range for urban vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. We present stochastic geometry based analytical framework to analyze the performance of proposed solutions in terms of outage probability, throughput and delay outage rate (DOR). Numerical results illustrate that the proposed solutions can achieve considerable performance improvement in outage, throughput while ensuring low latency as compared to conventional V-RF with relaying. These deployment strategies may also serve as a preferred alternative for Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) to meet ultra-high reliable and ultra-low latency communication for beyond 5 G (B5G) vehicular networks.