Wave Scatterer Localization in Outdoor-to-Indoor Channels at 4 and 14 GHz

In this paper, we present the results of wave scatterer localization at 4.65 and 14.25 GHz in an outdoor-to-indoor scenario at a traditional office building in Finland. The localization is based on a single-bounce model of interaction with a scatterer to localize the sources of measured multipath components. The estimated scatterer locations were mapped to an aerial photograph of the site and classified according to their location. We found that approximately two thirds of paths originate from higher order interactions with the environment. In contrast, one third of paths can be attributed to single-bounce interactions, with interior walls of the building being twice as strong sources of single-bounces as walls outside both in terms of power and number of paths.