Three Dimension Airborne SAR Imaging of Rotational Target With Single Antenna and Performance Analysis

For the target with 3-D rotation, the 3-D synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging is very important for the feature extraction and classification. To solve this issue, a novel 3-D imaging algorithm through the airborne SAR system with a single antenna is proposed in this article, which has great advantages for the simplification of system structure compared with the traditional interferometric system. The proposed 3-D airborne SAR imaging algorithm can be implemented with three steps: 1) the azimuth signal is modeled as multicomponent linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal due to the relative movement between the target and radar. 2) The scatterer height position can be obtained by estimating the frequency modulation rate (FMR) for the LFM signal. 3) The 3-D airborne SAR image is obtained via the range-Doppler (RD) algorithm. Furthermore, the reconstruction performance under different rotation patterns, including roll, pitch, and yaw, is analyzed. The availability of the presented novel technique is demonstrated by the results of simulated and real experimental data.