A Systematic Analysis on the Trends and Challenges in Autonomous Vehicles and the Proposed Solutions for Level 5 Automation

Autonomous vehicles (AV) are technologies that are continuously developing in the past years. Systems are currently under development to make driverless cars a possibility. This paper presents the technologies that are adapted in developing autonomous vehicles as well as the hindrances and challenges of this innovation. The electronic design of AVs is focused on evolving the technological advancements on automated driving systems (ADS) which centralizes in the navigation system, path decision, surrounding perception, and controlling system. With this, the progression of AVs has drastically improved from human interacted vehicles to conditional automation though the technology is still far from achieving fully autonomous driving. This paper discusses the trends and application of analog electronics as well as the various challenges that hinder achieving full automation of the AVs. Furthermore, specific solutions are proposed to aid the mentioned problems. Only the academic studies from 2017 and up were explored in gathering information for this literature review.