An Energy Efficient Node Localization Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network

At times of natural calamities, it is very important that applications need to have geolocation data to provide accurate services without interruption. For this, we need to have appropriate localization techniques that can be used in sensor nodes during these times. Scientists have developed new techniques recently that deal with the localization of remote nodes using positioning methods which involve deploying a GPS-based mobile anchor node that advances along the path and transmitting its position value regularly thus enabling its localization. Also, during localization, it is very important to keep in mind the energy consumption along the path. In this paper, we have focussed mainly on discrete amounts of energy that are consumed during different phases of localization like a start-up, motional as well as turning. Here we have proposed an algorithm combining path identifying algorithm, and location-identifying algorithm with the mobile anchor node based on tri-lateration technique by using SCAN model known as Scan-Tri-Anchor Node (STAN) model. SCAN algorithm is used to bridge the gap between location and energy consumption. The remote nodes in the STAN model are covered by regular triangles that are formed by beacon nodes. The energy of the anchor nodes is also reduced by the reduction of corners in the planned path. The study shows STAN model is superior as compared to other models like HILBERT, Z-CURVE, etc.