Quantum-Theoretic Numerical Study on Quantum Phase Sensing and Quantum Ghost Imaging Systems with NOON States

We present a numerical study on the super-resolution of quantum phase sensing and ghost imaging systems operating with N00N states beyond the Rayleigh diffraction limit. Our computational simulations are based on canonical quantization via numerical mode-decomposition (CQ-NMD) [16], [17]. In the CQ-NMD process, electromagnetic fields in inhomogeneous dielectric media are canonically quantized based on macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, while eigenmodes are numerically found using computational electromagnetics methods; thus, this approach is suited for performing fully-quantum-theoretic numerical simulations on how arbitrary dielectric objects scatter entangled photon fields.