Design of Multiple Input DC-DC Converters for Interfacing Solar/Fuel cell/Battery Electric Vehicles

An efficient hybrid energy system is presented for a renewable energy source powered electric vehicle that interfaces with a solar, fuel cell, and battery system. Multiple DC-DC converters for different sources are designed, and the results are thoroughly examined. To test the activity of the hybrid system, power electronic converters, control algorithms, and controllers are used to construct solar energy and fuel cell energy conversion systems. The power balance is maintained for variations in renewable energy power generation as well as variations in load demand. The EV operates in its own way and provides us with a test platform for various algorithms, power systems and tests. To increase the efficiency of the system, the photovoltaic panel is to be implemented using MPPT techniques. In order for a more sustainable/renewable system, a fuel cell is added to the circuit too. The PV plant contains the DC-DC converter with PV arrays. The fuel cell facility includes the DC-DC Boost and fuel cell stacks. A SEPIC DC-DC converter and a power to BLDC is provided in the battery energy source. The boost converter linked to PV plant is controlled using the maximum power point tracking algorithm of incremental conductance (IC-MPPT A). The PI controls have been used to operate both the power converters of the energy storage system and the fuel cell system. The system is operated under different operational conditions, such as vehicle speed change and solar irradiation.