The Integration of Personal Response Systems into Online Flipped Classroom: Student Performance and Perception

Faced with the challenges of online teaching, one promising strategy is the online flipped classroom (OFC) pedagogical approach. Thinking about how to improve the level of interaction and provide timely feedback is a key focus for research of the OFC. Personal response systems (PRSs) can enhance interaction and instantly receive responses from students. Though some scholars tried to apply PRSs to online teaching and illustrate its effectiveness, there is less research focus on the integration of PRSs in OFC. This study designed a teaching process based on the 5E framework for integrating PRSs into OFC. Then, 98 sophomore students majoring in “Educational Technology” were selected to participate in a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness. The study reached the following conclusions: (1) the integration of PRSs into OFC can significantly improve student performance compared to not using PRSs in OFC; (2) a majority of students had positive perceptions, such as learning motivation (LM), learning engagement (LE) and learning satisfaction (LS) towards integrating PRSs into OFC. We will conduct interviews with students in the future in order to improve teaching effectiveness.