Smart city technologies, key components, and its aspects

Urban Population is rapidly increasing, which is creating city management problems. The smart city provides solutions to the problems that are arising due to rapid urbanization. The smart city relies on Internet of Things IoT, Information and Communications Technology (ICT), smart computing technologies, and network technologies. IoT is used in every field such as smart transportation, smart grid, smart healthcare and smart buildings. IoT is a vast system embedded with smart devices, sensors, software, controllers, internet, and a cloud server. Therefore, this paper presents the concept of a smart city and the critical factors of a smart city initiative. Different domains that make up a smart city like smart health, smart buildings, smart transportation, and smart agriculture will be comprehensively discussed. This paper also highlights smart health applications and presents a patient status monitoring system that monitors patient’s condition through video and speech. The role and implementation of smart city technology to minimize the COVID-19 risk will also be discussed. In this paper, overview of security for smart cities, existing security methods of authentication, and possible malicious attacks have also been discussed. Finally, this paper also focuses on multispectral imaging (MSG), unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and the architecture of IoT applications in agriculture and greenhouse farms.