Ontologies as a Basis for Constructing Digital Twins in Energy

The article describes the development of digital twins using an ontological approach. Considering digital twins as an important component of the digitalization of the energy sector, the article discusses the directions of digital transformation. The definitions of a digital twin and a digital shadow, chosen as working ones, are given. The features of building digital twins in the energy sector are analyzed. Some classifications of digital twins, stimulating and constraining factors of their development in Russia are considered. An ontological approach to the development of digital twins is given. The stages of transition from mathematical models and computer programs to digital twins based on ontologies are described. The architecture of the IT infrastructure for systematic energy research based on digital twins and smart digital twins is presented. A use case of an ontological approach is given on the example of developing a digital twin of a solar power plant.