The Impact of Family, Lifestyle, and COVID-19 Factors on Private High School Students' Academic Performance: Data Mining Approach

Bahrain private high schools currently face a significant gap in identifying trends that impact students' learning outcome. Currently, Bahrain's Education and Training Quality Authority (BQA) is tasked with evaluating educational institutions' infrastructure and technology availability's impact on learning outcomes, overlooking factors such as family lifestyle, students' time allocation, health, and COVID-19 related factors. This study aims to identify trends that influence Bahraini private high school students' learning outcomes and measure the extent these factors impact to raise actionable recommendations. Specifically, this research implements Decision Tree (DT), Density-Based Clustering (DBC) and Linear Regression (LR) to identify such trends. In this context, learning outcomes are identified as average grades, which serve as an indicator of the knowledge retained. This study's results found that family life; parents' educational level in particular, has the most influential impact on student grades, while for time allocation, students must pay attention to their time management skills to ensure a balance trade-off between recreational activities and studying; not over allocate time to a specific activity. Finally, and interestingly, COVID-19 had minimal impact on student performance.