User-Centered Cooperative-Communication Strategy for 5G Internet of Vehicles

The Internet of vehicles currently faces the challenges of spectrum interference in multimode, multiservice communications, and low efficiency in switched-vehicle selection for vehicular cooperative communication. To overcome these, a user-centered cooperative-communication strategy (UCCS) is proposed. A system model of the UCCS algorithm is established for three situations according to the vehicular cooperative-communication process. When there are service roadside units (SRSUs), cooperative RSUs (CRSUs), and cooperative vehicles (CVs) in the service vehicle (SV) communication range, a two-layer game method is proposed, which dynamically adjusts the transmission power, punishment factor, and other parameters of service and cooperative vehicle. When there are only CVs in the SV communication range, a multiparameter voting method is proposed, which selects the best cooperative-communication vehicle by calculating the normalized linear weighted value of CVs. When there are only CRSUs and CVs in the SV communication range, a station-vehicle voting method is proposed, which calculates the cooperative-communication value of CRSUs to select the optimal one, thus comparing it with the best CV to determine the optimal cooperative-communication object. The simulation results show that the average throughput of the UCCS algorithm is increased by 17% and 42% as compared to those based on the repeated game and network utility maximization algorithms, respectively, and its average waiting time decreased by 43% and 24% compared to those of the random selection and shortest path selection algorithms, respectively. The overall system revenue and communication performance of the proposed algorithm are significantly improved.