Huygens' Metasurface With Stable Transmission Response Under Wide Range of Incidence Angle

Metasurfaces, as two-dimensional (2-D) metamaterials, show great potentials in electromagnetic wave manipulation. Here, an angular nondispersive transmission-type Huygens’ meta-atom, made up of an I-shaped metal patch and a square split ring, is proposed for wide incidence angle holographic metasurfaces. Nine varieties of the Huygens’ meta-atom with high transmission amplitude (higher than 0.9) and stable transmission phase (vary less than 10°) under transverse magnetic wave illumination from 0° to 60° are selected. To verify the performance of the meta-atoms proposed, two holographic metasurfaces are simulated and fabricated to reconstitute identical holographic images under normal and oblique linearly polarized wave illuminations, respectively. The experimental demonstrations show imaging efficiencies higher than 48.28% with signal-to-noise ratio as high as 22.57. Our designs provide a solution for angular nondispersive metasurface designs, which suggest great practical applications in beamforming, and information storage systems.