IoT Threats and Solutions with Blockchain and Context-Aware Security Design: A Review

Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) applications will increase rapidly, such as smart cities, smart transportation, smart healthcare, and smart things are all composed of the IoT, which connects a wide range of heterogeneous devices. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of blockchain architectures designed for IoT networks. The IoT has emerged as a sector with enormous impact, potential, and growth, with billions of devices expected to connect to the Internet in the coming years. The first big challenge we will be faced with this big network is security; it must be taken into account. In contrast to other endpoint devices such as smartphones, laptops, and PCs, most IoT devices are more sensitive to assaults. Because of the various specifications and heterogeneity problems, traditional protection primitives cannot be explicitly applied to IoT technologies. This paper investigates these critical and essential issues regarding IoT threats, security requirements, and challenges with particular emphasis on and relation to IoT layered architecture. Next, the paper addresses various existing IoT security technologies to achieve high security for IoT applications. It also addresses how two methods, Blockchain, and context-aware, can help solve many IoT security issues. Finally, the paper assesses and suggests some recommendations for future research in the field of IoT security.