PDE Observer for All-Solid-State Batteries via an Electrochemical Model

All-solid-state batteries are one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices capable of delivering high specific energy. Significant effort has been spent on understanding the degradation mechanisms associated with dendrite formation, while energy management and model-based estimation/control for solid-state batteries has received very limited attention. This paper examines a partial differential equation (PDE) state estimation scheme for a one-dimensional electrochemical all-solid-state battery model, using voltage and current measurements only. The state estimation framework exploits the active disturbance rejection control and PDE backstepping techniques, and we rigorously prove estimation error system stability. Electrochemical model-based estimator based on PDE models identifies physical variables for all-solid-state batteries, thus enables high-fidelity monitoring and optimal control in future battery management systems.