Hybrid Open Points: An Efficient Tool for Increasing Network Capacity in Distribution Systems

This letter introduces the Hybrid Open Point (HOP), a device consisting of an electromechanical switch connected in parallel with a power converter, for the purpose of providing additional network capacity in interconnected distribution systems. The HOP switch is used for bulk power transfer at low-cost, whilst the HOP converter provides targeted power transfer when the HOP switch is open. The device can replace either a Normally Open Point (Type 1 HOP) or a Normally Closed Point (Type 2 HOP). Simple interconnection and teed interconnection configurations are studied considering fault level and radiality constraints, with realistic use-cases identified for both HOP types. The HOP is shown to provide secure network capacity more cost-effectively than the classical Soft Open Point.