Discrete-time online optimization of a continuous Dark Fermentation process for maximizing VFA production

In this paper the optimization of a continuous Dark Fermentation process is proposed in order to maximize the acetate production rate. The golden section search algorithm is used as optimization strategy to determine the optimum dilution rate despite the chemical oxygen demand at the reactor input. In order to estimate the influent chemical oxygen demand, a Luenberger observer together with a super-twisting observer are implemented. Feasibility of the proposed online optimization strategy is demonstrated by simulations.