Cascade Failures Analysis of Internet of Things Under Global/Local Routing Mode

Cascade failures are one of the key issues restricting the widespread application of the Internet of Things (IoT). Under different routing modes, the cascade failure process of the IoT is also different. In this work, in order to reasonably characterize the cascade process of the IoT, we developed a directional load metric: the IoT-oriented router betweenness. On this basis, we designed two cascade failure mechanisms for the global routing mode and the local routing mode, respectively. Through extensive experiments, the soundness of the proposed cascade model has been verified and some meaningful findings have been obtained: compared with global routing mode, the network in local routing mode is more reliable; as the recovery time of overloaded router nodes increases, the fluctuation of the network cascade process tends to be more wildly; deploying more gateways can significantly improve the reliability of the IoT; choosing the high-degree nodes as gateways can better improve network reliability. The obtained results can help users build a more reliable IoT system against cascade failures.