Miniaturized Patch Antenna That Uses Corner Triangles with Cloud Shape DGS

This paper proposes corner triangles with cloud shape DGS to enhance the parameters of modified coaxial feed rectangular patch antenna (RPA). An antenna resonating at 2.40 GHz without defected ground structure (DGS) was designed for reference. On introduction of DGS in reference antenna, it was found to be resonating at 2.25 GHz. Comparison of antenna with and without DGS incorporation was carried out and has been presented in the paper. A cloud shape along with the triangles at the corners just beneath the patch with its periodic structures was etched from the ground plane. Hence, an improvement of peak gain by 18.27%, increase in bandwidth by 77.35%, increase in radiation efficiency by 109.11%, improvement in return loss by 30.09% and size miniaturization by 13.77% was observed. Good agreement was found between simulated and fabricated antenna parameters. Thus, proposed rectangular patch antenna can be utilized for industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) applications.