Analysis of safety for Lithium-Ion battery with Risk assessment of thermal runaway according to SOC

According to the carbon-neutral policy, the overall demand and renewable energy sources of an electric power industry are increasing, and the need for battery energy storage systems (BESS) is increasing. BESS can mitigate frequency disturbances in the power system caused by rapidly increasing renewable energy sources and the resulting power demand and can contribute to power stabilization, frequency adjustment, and voltage stabilization. However, the battery, which is the main power source of a BESS, has a safety problem. Safety issues with lithium-ion batteries include fire and explosion. The explosive power of a battery depends on the amount of internal energy remaining, and accordingly, it becomes important information when selecting the battery State-of-charge (SOC) operating range. Therefore, in this study, the degree of risk according to the SOC operating range of a BESS is analyzed and the degree of explosion according to the battery SOC is verified through experiments.