The SAR Satellite Orbit Design of All-azimuth Radar Imaging for Target 3D Feature Extraction

This paper focuses on designing and optimizing satellite orbit parameters for regional all-azimuth observation (AAO) with space-borne synthetic aperture radar (SAR). SAR regional AAO is a special remote sensing geometry allowing accesses to an objective area from arbitrary azimuth aspects, so that it gains potential in detecting hidden targets and achieving holographic 3D reconstruction. The AAO orbit design method proposed in this paper utilizes the intersection of the orbit ground track to obtain multiple views of the objective region from different azimuth aspects in several orbital periods. Besides, the SAR beam coverage ability, periodical access to the region, and AAO interval are concerned during orbit design. With the above constraints, the designed SAR satellite orbit can accomplish regional AAO in several hours, and also repeat the AAO of the same region in 2 days. In the end, a real data processing result is presented to show the performance of AAO observation in 3D feature extraction.