Design of Delta–Sigma-Based PID Controller for Networked Wind Energy Conversion Systems

In recent years, a new paradigm in control engineering, called networked control system (NCS), has emerged due to the success of Internet and associated communication infrastructure. The NCS offers various advantages compared to the traditional control systems, which include increase of agility, wiring reduction, and easy maintenance and diagnosis. With an objective to investigate the effectiveness of various controllers in networked environment, the present study designs a
$\Delta \Sigma$
-based single-bit PID controller for the rotor-side converter of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion system. This consists of 20-DFIGs of 5 MW capacity each. A comparative performance investigation has been carried out with three other controllers; a conventional PID, Q-learning and dynamic fuzzy Q-Learning controller. The study considers various imperfections of a Zigbee protocol-based practical communication network, such as random delay and packet dropout. The results of both the simulation and experiment demonstrate that the
$\Delta \Sigma$
-based single-bit PID controller shows better performance compared to other controllers.