Various Heuristic Fault Tolerance Routing Protocols and Factors in IoT Wireless Sensor Network

Today Internet of Things is transforming our lives. IoT varies from other networks because of their unique characteristics. One of the most important problems in these networks is fault tolerance. In Wireless Sensor Networks or IoTs are made with multiple low-energy sensing nodes. The distribution of these sensing nodes is random in the network. Sensor nodes are capable of perceiving and transferring information to the BS (Bottom Station). Data transmission at sensor nodes necessitates a significant amount of energy. As a result, several nodes die due to energy depletion during transmission. To minimize data loss, fault tolerance techniques are employed. In this paper, a variety of fault tolerance routing protocols are examined and their fault tolerance techniques, as well as issues of each technique, are discussed in this paper. Multiple factors generate disruption in IoT systems that all factors are discussed with a short definition. The comparison of various fault tolerance routing protocols is depicted in the paper. The benefits and limitations of routing protocols are also explained which will provide help to analyze the protocols. Finally, the paper summaries and conclude with recommendations for future research.