Twin Support Vector Machines for Thalassemia Classification

Thalassemia is one of the incurable blood disorders inherited from parents with its history. This disease causes abnormality in the blood cells, specifically the protein composition such as hemoglobin. Furthermore, it has spread out across the Mediterranean Sea and through Indonesia due to the migration of people. Early detection to diagnose thalassemia is necessary to prevent the disease from spreading to another generation. This study aims to analyze the impact of machine learning in medical diagnosis, and its disease detection methods based on clinical history. Several previous studies have been incorporated into early screening for diagnosis of thalassemia with machine learning technique based on classification problem, and it showed great performance evaluation beyond 90% accuracy. In addition, the data used was laboratory results of blood check obtained from Harapan Kita Children and Women's Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Twin Support Vector Machines (TSVM) is used in this study as one of the machine learning developed techniques inspired by Support Vector Machines (SVM), as this technique purposed to find the nonparallel hyperplanes to solve binary classification problem. This was conducted through three commonly used kernels from several previous studies, including Linear, Polynomial, and Radial Basis Function (RBF). The results showed that RBF TSVM gave the best results with 99.32%, 99.75% and 99.24% average of accuracy, precision, and F1 score, respectively. However, Polynomial TSVM, as the lowest results had 99.79% average of recall. In this context, the TSVM role is recommended for future studies to facilitate medical diagnosis based on the clinical history of other diseases.