A GBSM Indoor Channel Model With an Arbitrary Center Point of Gaussian Scatterer Distribution

This article proposes a generalized three-dimensional (3-D) geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) channel model with an arbitrary center point of the scatterer distribution. In the proposed channel model, scatterers are assumed to be Gaussian distributed about an arbitrary point within a spheroidal shell having the transmitter and the receiver located at its focal points. Exact closed-form expressions are obtained for the joint probability density function (PDF) of the angles of arrival (AoAs) and time of arrival (ToA), and the marginal PDF of ToA. Moreover, approximate closed-form expressions are derived for the marginal PDFs of AoAs in the elevation and azimuth planes. The accuracy of the analytically derived AoA and ToA PDFs are verified by comparing with the PDFs obtained using computer and ray-tracing simulation. Furthermore, we study the characteristics of the analytically-derived AoA and ToA PDFs for different propagation scenarios. By choosing the center point and standard deviation of the scatterer distribution appropriately, our proposed 3-D channel model can be used to evaluate the performance of wireless communication technologies and systems in indoor environments.