Optimum Power Point Tracking Technique for Standalone Solar Photovoltaic System

World energy consumption is expanding at a breakneck pace. This rise in demand raises concerns about the global energy crisis and its associated environmental risks. Sustainable energy sources hold the key to resolving these concerns. Solar energy is widely regarded as one of the most abundant sources of sustainable energy, as it is both abundant and cost-free. Photovoltaic (PV) cells on solar panels are utilized to transform solar energy into uncontrolled electrical energy. These nonlinear solar photovoltaic cells have very poor efficiency. As a result, it becomes critical to optimize the output of solar photovoltaic cells by tracking their Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT). One of these MPPT approaches is Perturb & Observe (P&O). MPPT schemes' performance under rapidly changing weather and climate circumstances is crucial. This occurs in two circumstances: fast changes in solar irradiance and partial shading from clouds, etc. Additionally, it becomes necessary to study the performance of MPPT systems under different loading conditions. The objective of this article is to discuss the standard P&O MPPT scheme's behavior under increased solar irradiation circumstances and under different load conditions. The enhanced MPPT system is incorporated in a DC-DC converter's control circuit. MATLAB/Simulink is used for the simulated investigation.