State Variable Universal Biquad GmC Filter Design and Comparative Study between Voltage and Current Modes in 180nm CMOS Process

Analog filters have been the most significant signal processing block in many different communication systems that electrical engineers embark upon to design. A low power novel universal biquad filter design has been presented in this work, where the universal Biquad filter using GmC has been proposed and implemented on 180 nm CMOS technology.State variable filters treat both the signal and its derivatives as variables and offer a generic systematic approach to the active filter design process. The configuration in this work offers the most precise implementation with the minimum number of OTA (Transconductance) blocks along with extremely low power dissipation of 980 μW and 1867 μW for current mode and voltage mode operations respectively. All three major parameters (gain, Q & ω
0
) can be adjusted independently, and low-pass, high-pass, and band-pass outputs are available simultaneously.