Impact of Window Penetration Loss on Building Entry Loss From 3.5 to 24 GHz

We investigated the impact of window penetration loss (WinPL) on the frequency dependence of building entry loss (BEL) from 3.5 to 24 GHz. The WinPL characteristics of an ideal double-glazed glass and an actual double-glazed window were simulated and measured on-site, respectively, and both results showed almost the same oscillatory characteristics with respect to the frequency changes that occurred due to the impedance oscillation of the double glass-like multilayer dielectrics. Two BEL measurement scenarios were examined to analyze the frequency dependence of BEL in a traditional office building with double-glazed windows identical to those analyzed in the on-site WinPL measurements. The experiments included a complex propagation route (the first scenario) from the facade of the building to the corridors through windows and offices and a simple propagation route (the second scenario) through only windows lateral to the building. The two main findings are (i) BEL showed strong frequency-dependent behavior regardless of the propagation route and (ii) the WinPL characteristics of the outer double-glazed window were the main contributors to the frequency dependence of BEL.