Mathematical Analysis of Advanced High Voltage Direct Current Transmission Systems

The transmission of power with the help of high voltage alternating current (HVAC) is a conventional technique. On the other hand, transferring huge power over extensive distances using high voltage direct current (HVDC) systems is a developing and advanced technique. Although from 1950, researchers and technologists have achieved significant development in HVDC transmission systems that were based on mercury-arc valves, an important milestone was completed in the 1970s, when the thyristors switching technologies were adopted in the line commutated converter (LCC) based HVDC power transmissions. Since 1997, the evolution of power transistor-based voltage source converter (VSC) technology, and then in 2010, the modular multilevel converter (MMC) technology, opened new eras in the advanced HVDC transmission systems. With the help of pulse width modulation (PWM) based VSC, and MMC technologies, the field operators can control the real and imaginary powers, individualistically. The short length asynchronous interconnections can also be possible with these technologies. This paper will discuss the mathematical analysis of advanced HVDC transmission systems, having tie lines and power converters, and HVDC transmission for bulk solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation.